Tuesday, May 2, 2017

Renewable Energy Hypsterism: A Convenient List



Renewable Energy Hypesterism: A Convenient List

It is true that renewable energy advancements in wind, solar, and storage will continue to increase efficiency and decrease costs. However, many of those improvements are small, incremental. It is uncertain when or even if these renewables will really be able to compete with fossil fuels on a cost per unit of energy basis. The massive amount of comments and declarations that these technologies are competitively now is simply wishful thinking, or more likely, hype. Promoting the hype is a way to lend legitimacy to the arguments of hardcore renewables advocates. 

1 – Solar employs way more people than coal or oil and gas per energy produced. Yes this is true. It is true because it takes more people to produce a similar amount of energy. This is because solar is far less profitable! Thus what is depicted as a boost to the economy is actually a drain on the economy. That is like saying people with shovels plowing land can employ more people than plowing with tractors. In general the solar jobs do not pay as well as coal, oil, or gas jobs. Solar jobs simply do not produce as much energy nor do they create as much wealth as fossil fuel jobs.

2 – Burning wood and biomass is renewable and sustainable. Technically burning wood is renewable but obviously it takes quite a long time to grow a large tree relative to the time it takes to burn the logs. The recent ‘milestone’ of the UK going without coal (for a 24-hour period) for the first time since the Industrial Age began is technically correct but misleading since much of the coal burned has been replaced by densified wood biomass (ie. wood pellets) shipped form the U.S. and Canada, some of which comes from logged trees, both fast-growing pines and hardwoods. Wood biomass produces as much or more CO2 and more pollutants than coal per unit of energy produced. Burning wood and solid waste biomass can also be subsidized – yes something worse than coal per unit of energy produced can be directly subsidized as renewable.

3 – Wind and solar are cost competitive with fossil fuels. Some even say they are cost competitive without subsidies. What they typically don’t say is they are only cost competitive during peak generation times, that they typically require back-up power from quick-start gas ‘peaker’ plants that are forced to run inefficiently and sometimes those inefficient gas plants are counted (quite unfairly) in comparisons of renewables and gas, particularly in capacity factor comparisons. Such hype is of course, blatantly misleading or dishonest. They may even be competitive without subsidies in some places, mainly those that have a carbon tax, which is technically a disincentive, or a reverse-subsidy for fossil fuels.

4 – While % renewables may suggest and imply wind and solar, they also includes hydro and biomass, including wood and solid waste biomass (which have similar ghg and pollution profiles to coal). Hydro and especially biomass are often the largest renewable sources (as in the U.S.)

5 – New solar, wind, and storage technologies are being touted all the time. Although there have been efficiency improvements in all three and there is significant ongoing research, much of these ‘discoveries’ are over-hyped. 

6 – Headlines are often the worst sources of misleading ideas. See reference below about gigafactories. The gigafactories don’t power anything. The lithium that is drilled for and mined is the power source. Is there even enough lithium available in predicted reserves to power the world?

7 – Sweden and other Scandinavian countries claimed to have superb recycling and are importing trash from other countries. They burn it in incinerators, something that has been proven toxic to air with much backlash in American communities. They may well have higher recycling rates and better commitment to sustainable practices but there is much debate about recycling, landfilling, and incineration. 

8 – There are sometimes ridiculous notions perpetuated that better power sources are available now and simply being oppressed by the powers-that-be, ie. fossil fuel interests. If better energy sources were available and economic they would find their way to use. It is as simple as that.
These are a few examples. There are likely many more. Differing accounting of capacity factors when comparing generating capacity of intermittent sources like wind and solar is a big one.

Differing accounting of ‘levelized cost of energy’ (LCOE) is another source of hype. Comparisons of renewable energy subsidies versus fossil fuel subsidies and comparisons of taxation of energy production and consumption are other sources of hype. Such hype needs to be kept in mind and exposed when appropriate so that misrepresentations do not become more widespread than they currently are. I think such hype is a disservice not only to the fossil fuel industries but also to the renewable energy industries.

What the wind and solar advocates should point out is that solar and wind typically do not require buying fuel so that there are little to no continuing costs after installation, that they are relatively carbon and pollution-free compared to fossil fuel sources, and that there is little energy wasted in distributed energy sources like rooftop solar compared to sources that require transmission through power lines.

References:

Elon Musk: 100 Tesla Gigafactories Could Power the Entire World – by Chelsea Gohd, in Futurism, April 16, 2017

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